Follicle Stimulating Hormone blood test Normal Reference Range ♂ 1.4 – 13.6 U/L ♀ 2.5 – 19.5 U/L = Follicular phase ♀ 4.0 – 18.7 U/L = Mid-cycle ♀ 0.4 – 12.4 U/L = Luteal phase ♀ 1.8 – 140.0 U/L = Post-Menopausal Test Information During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, FSH encourages …
Copper blood test • NOTE:: Please include all relevant clinical history in sample order Normal Reference range Normal Reference Range 12 – 25 µmol/L Test Information The liver is where copper is stored or used to create a number of enzymes once it is absorbed in the intestines. A copper-containing enzyme called caeruloplasmin participates in …
Cardiac enzymes blood test Normal Reference Range AST: 5 – 35 IU/mL CK: ♂ < 190 U/L ♀ < 165 U/L Troponin I:
Carbohydrate Antigen-125 blood test Normal Reference Range 0 – 35 U/mL Test Information A mucinous glycoprotein called carbohydrate antigen-125, which is typically found in ovarian malignancies but can also be elevated in primary tumours of the endometrium, fallopian tubes, lung, breast, or GI tract, is expressed in various cancers. Increased levels can also result from …
Carbohydrate Antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) blood test Normal Reference Range 0 – 37 U/mL Test Information Most patients with advanced pancreatic cancer have elevated CA 19-9 levels, but it can also occur in other cancers and illnesses, including bowel, lung, and gall bladder malignancies, as well as benign ailments such pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, gallstones, and …
Carbohydrate Antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) blood test Normal Reference Range 0 – 30 U/mL Test Information Carbohydrate Antigen-153 is expressed in some cancers (predominantly breast, though primary tumours of the, lung, colon, pancreas, liver and endometrium may also give rise to elevations of CA-153.) Several benign conditions may also cause increased levels: notably cirrhosis, hepatitis, …
Calcitonin blood test • NOTE:: Please include all relevant clinical history in sample order • Take to the lab immediately! The serum to be separated and frozen within 30 minutes of collection • CAUTION: Do not use glass specimen tubes for sample collection Normal Reference Range 0 – 11.5 ng/L Test Information The primary tumour …
C1 Complement blood test Normal Reference Range 0.15 – 0.35 g/L Test Information An excessive amount of C1 and its intermediates C1r and C1s are produced in hereditary angioedema as a result of a functional loss (familial) of the C1 esterase inhibitor enzyme. Clinical Indications Differential diagnosis for patients who come with a widespread clinical …
Bone profile blood test Normal Reference Range ALP: 0 – 0.5 yrs = 57 – 265U/L 0.5 – 10 yrs = 100 – 360U/L 10 – 17 yrs = 100 – 450U/L >17 yrs = 25 – 115U/L Calcium/ Corrected Calcium: 2.2 – 2.6mmol/L Albumin: 38 – 50 g/L Phosphate: 0 – 2 Days = …
Bile acids Normal Reference Range 0 – 10 µmol/L Test Information After being secreted into the intestines from the gall bladder, bile acids act as surfactants, emulsifying lipids to facilitate absorption and digestion. Bile acids are created in the liver by the oxidation of cholesterol. In (obstetric) Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP), which affects 1:100 …